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Due to an increasing amount of device applications it is worth to subdivide the energy sector into categories depending on their operative principle.
The ocean wave energy field can be subdivided for instance into
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Type
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Function
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Examples
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Attenuators
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Point Absorbers
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Structural displacement of Absorber due to incident waves
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SEAREV, Wave Star Energy A/S
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Line Absorbers
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PELAMIS, DEXXA
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Terminators
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Energy conversion due to wave dissipation near- and or onshore.
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OWC
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Overtopping Devices
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Water Waves storage drives hydro Turbomachinery
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WAVE SSG, WAVE DRAGON
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Specially in the wave energy sector, where the number of patents predominates, a simple state-of the art of the concepts is presented in the following
In the field of ocean currents, there are mainly two subcategories, namely
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Type
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Function
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Examples
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Tidal barrages
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Hydropowered Dam turbine(s) structure use of ebb-flood shiftings
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La Rance
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Tidal streams
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Axial flow turbines in near-surface or deep waters
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Marine Current Turbines MCT, Hammerfest Strøm
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Ocean thermal energy remains up-to-date its main and single category. Contrary to the other technology types, the energy conversion involves a heat-transfer based solution through the use of Steam Turbine Technologies (e.g. OTEC).
In any of these technologies, the power take-off equipment is typically of mechanical, hydraulic or magnetic character. It is worth to mention that i.o. to regulate the energy absorption of the devices, they must be adapted through appropriate control system strategies. Classical System Theory such as phase or amplitude control of the primary mover on a waves system identification and predictive control basis have been successfully simulated and tested both in laboratory conditions and in open sea with respect to a number wave energy devices (detailed in the Refs tab in the upper menu).
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